The requirements set out in section 1.1.6 refer to Ergonomics which can be defined as follows:
“Ergonomics (or the study of human factors) is the scientific discipline concerned with the understanding of interactions among human and other elements of a system, and the profession that applies theory, principles, data and methods to design in order to optimize human well-being and overall system performance”.
The ergonomic aspects referred to in section 1.1.6 can be distinguished into two groups.
The first group includes ergonomic factors to consider when designing the machine, while the second group highlights the damage of inadequate design that can cause discomfort, fatigue, physical or psychological stress and musculoskeletal disorders, all elements that tend to increase accidents.
The following diagram illustrates the requirements set out in section 1.1.6:
In the table below some of the standards that should be used when designing a machine are listed . Some of them are harmonized to the Machinery Directive 2006/42 / EC , others provide important guidelines to follow to meet the requirements of 1.1.6 section
Standard | Title |
UNI EN 13861:2011 | Safety of machinery. Guidance for the application of ergonomics standards in the design of machinery |
UNI EN ISO 6385:2004 | Ergonomic principles in the design of work systems |
UNI EN 614-1: 2009 | Safety of machinery. Ergonomic design principles. Terminology and general principles. |
UNI EN 614-2: 2009 | Safety of machinery. Ergonomic design principles. Interactions between the design of machinery and work tasks. |
UNI EN 547-1:2009 | Safety of machinery. Human body measurements. Principles for determining the dimensions required for openings for whole body access into machinery. |
UNI EN 547-2:2009 | Safety of machinery. Human body measurements. Principles for determining the dimensions required for access openings. |
UNI EN 547-3:2009 | Safety of machinery. Human body measurements. Anthropometric data |
UNI EN 894-1: 2009 | Safety of machinery. Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and control actuators. General principles for human interactions with displays and control actuators..ì |
UNI EN 894-2:2009 | Safety of machinery. Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and control actuators. Displays. |
UNI EN 894-3:2009 | Safety of machinery. Ergonomics requirements for the design of displays and control actuators. Control actuators. |
UNI EN 894-4:2010 | Safety of machinery. Ergonomics requirements for design of displays and control actuators. Location and arrangement of displays and control actuators. |
UNI EN 1005-1: 2009 | Safety of machinery. Human physical performance. Terms and definitions |
UNI EN 1005-2: 2009 | Safety of machinery. Human physical performance. Manual handling of machinery and component parts of machinery |
UNI EN 1005-3 : 2009 | Safety of machinery. Human physical performance. Recommended force limits for machinery operation. |
UNI EN 1005-4: 2009 | Safety of machinery. Human physical performance. Evaluation of working postures and movements in relation to machinery. |
UNI EN 1005-5: 2007 | Safety of machinery. Human physical performance. Risk assessment for repetitive handling at high frequency. |
UNI EN ISO 14738:2008 | Safety of machinery. Anthropometric requirements for the design of workstations at machinery. Anthropometric requirements for the design of workstations at machinery. |
UNI EN ISO 9241-11:2002 | Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display terminals (VDTs). Guidance on usability. |
UNI EN ISO 9241-12:2001 | Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display terminals (VDTs). Presentation of information. |
UNI EN ISO 9241-13:2002 | Ergonomic requirements for office work with visual display terminals (VDTs). User guidance. |
UNI CEN ISO/TR 9241-100:2011 | Ergonomics of human-system interaction. Introduction to standards related to software ergonomics. |
UNI EN ISO 9241-110:2006 | Ergonomics of human-system interaction. Dialogue principles. |
UNI EN ISO 9241-143:2012 | Ergonomics of human-system interaction. Forms. |
UNI EN ISO 9241-171:2008 | Ergonomics of human-system interaction. Guidance on software accessibility. |
UNI EN ISO 9241-210: 2010 | Ergonomics of human-system interaction. Human-centred design for interactive systems. |
UNI EN ISO 11064 (part 1-2-3-4-5-6) | Ergonomic design of control centres. |
CEN/TR 16710-1:2015 | Ergonomics methods - Part 1: Feedback method - A method to understand how end users perform their work with machines. |